Role of Sesame Seed Oil in Hematologic Disorders

   

Raul H Morales Borges^*

Received:  July 05, 2022 | Published: July  28, 2022

Copyright^© 2022 genesis pub by Morales Borges RH. CC BY NC-ND 4.0 DEED. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-No Derivatives 4.0 International License., This allows others distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the work, even commercially, as long as they credit the authors for the original creation.

DOI: https://doi.org/10.52793/JCTR.2022.2(1)-17 

Introduction

Sesame (Sesamum indicum, family Pedaliaceae) is taken into account collectively of the earliest domesticated crops and oilseed plants known to mankind with its multifarious uses. It found within the tropics and subtropics but is most typical within the narrower belt closer to the equator, mostly north of it [1]. Basically, sesame could be a crop of the developing countries in additional southern latitudes. For a protracted time, it's being employed in religious rituals in India, Egypt, and the Persian region [2,3]. Sesame is thought to be “queen of oilseeds” thanks to its oil quality [4,5] sterols, and antioxidative agents, i.e., methylenedioxyphenyl compounds, sesamin, sesamolin, and tocopherols that act as nutraceuticals and impart resistance to grease against oxidative deterioration. The oil is comprised of 83–90% unsaturated fatty acids that contain glycerides of monounsaturated fatty acid (36–54%) and linolic acid (38–49%). Other components are saturated fatty acids (myristic acid, 0.1% or less; saturated fatty acid, 8–12%; octadecanoic acid, 3.5–7%; arachidonic acid, 0.5–1%). The unsaponifiable matter (1.2%) includes tocopherols and therefore the lignans sesamin (0.1–0.6%), sesamolin (0.25–0.3%), sesamol, and sesaminol, which give the oil its resistance to rancidity.

Sesame isn't any more an “orphan” crop – the widespread collection of sorts and landraces not to mention extensive research in every aspect has made the crop the perfect model system amidst other oilseeds. The superior quality of flavourer oil containing a spread of lignans and tocochromanols merits the next place among the oilseed crops being consumed worldwide. The range of sesame cultivars and their characterization has given sesame researchers enough impetus to make genetically engineered sesame varieties with high yield of secondary metabolites. Sesame seeds are microcapsules for health promotion and disease prevention in humans and an sustained effort during this area of oilseed research would be of immense value to the plant breeders further as consumers [1].

Belonging to the Pedaliaceae family, sesame (Sesamum indicum L., synonymous with Sesamum Orientale L.) was first recorded as a crop in Babylon and Assyria over 4000 years ago and is taken into account as one of the foremost ancient crops cultivated by humans. The most important countries and areas for sesame production are in Asia, Africa and Central and South America, like India, Sudan, China, Burma, and Ethiopia. The world’s total annual production of sesame is about 3 × 109 kg, 3 with 50% from Asia and 30% from Africa. Around 65% of the annual production is consumed as edible oil and 35% as a food ingredient [2].

Sesame seeds are used as a food for disease prevention in Asian countries for several thousand years. They significantly increase plasma g-tocopherol and enhance fat-soluble vitamin activity, which are believed to forestall human aging-related diseases like cancer and cardiopathy. Culinary use of benni seed includes the decoration of bread and cookies, to provide paste added to certain dishes, and in desserts like sweetened tahin. Vegetable oil could be a cooking and oil. Nutritionally, sesame seeds are rich in oil with high levels of unsaturated fatty acids, mainly oleic and linoleic, protein, especially high levels of methionine, and micronutrients like minerals, lignans, tocopherol, and phytosterol. Studies have shown that oil can inhibit human carcinoma growth in vitro, lower force per unit area, decrease lipid peroxidation, and increase antioxidant status in hypertensive patients. In vitro and animal studies have shown that flavorer may be a rich source of mammalian lignan precursors, which can have protective effects against hormone-related diseases like carcinoma. Sesamin, a serious lignan of sesame seeds, exerts multiple functions, like an antihypertensive effect, and cholesterol, lipid-lowering, and anticancer activities. It also induces growth inhibition in human cancer cells by regulating cyclin D1 protein expression in various styles of human tumor cells. Flavoring may induce allergenic symptoms like urticaria/angioedema, rhinitis, asthma, and even anaphylaxis [3].

There is enough published data in vitro and in vivo likewise as in animals like in humans that sesame seeds is beneficial in age-related disorders of the kidney [4], nutrition support to learn healthy aging via the elevation of antioxidant ability and alteration of gut microbiota [5], anti-hyperglycemic, anti-oxidative, and neuroprotective effect in diabetics [6], alleviates nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) and atherosclerosis [7], anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative stress and chondroprotective potentials [8], and significant decreases in serum triglycerides and atherogenic index of plasma yet as slight decreases in serum LDL-cholesterol, with a light increase in HDL-cholesterol [9].

From the hematologic standpoint, it's been demonstrated that sesame modulates the system through the white blood cells it exhibits the flexibility to inhibit proinflammatory cytokines, IL-1β and TNF-α, and to boost the activity of the immune cell cytokine IL-2 via downregulating the phosphorylated JNK, p38, and ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathways [10]. Sesamol at the concentration of 0.25 mM and above-induced platelet apoptosis through endogenous generation of ROS, depletion of thiol pool, and Ca(2+) mobilization [11]. It also induced mitochondrial membrane potential depolarization, caspase activation, cytochrome translocation, and phosphatidylserine exposure, thus illustrating the pro-apoptotic effect of sesamol at higher concentrations. However, even at a high concentration of two mM sesamol effectively inhibited collagen/ADP/epinephrine-induced platelet aggregation. The study demonstrates that although sesamol inhibits platelet aggregation, it's the tendency to elicit platelet apoptosis at higher concentrations. Sesamol encompasses a potential as a clot-buster, nevertheless, the present work highlights the importance of an appropriate dosage of sesamol when it's used as a therapeutic drug [11].

In my practice, I take advantage of it as an adjuvant natural therapy to boost the platelet count and performance still because of the white blood cells. I noticed a serious effect in drug-induced, autoimmune, chronic diseases than in acute states. I like to recommend publishing further experiences and trying to do clinical research in hematologic diseases using benniseed oil.

References

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