Harnessing Crispr-cas9 Technology in Dentistry: A Promising Avenue for Precision Oral Health- A Literature Review
Vinit B Patel1*, Megha Vanasi2, Ankit Dhimole3, Rinku Jagnade Saini4 and Sithara. K5
1Department of Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of dental science, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad, Gujarat, India
2Department of Periodontics & Implantology, Faculty of dental science, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad, Gujarat, India
3Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Hitkarini Dental College & Hospital, Madhya Pradesh Medical Science University,
Jabalpur, India.
4Department of Periodontics, Index institute of dental science, malwanchal University, Indore, India
5Department of Oral Pathology & Microbiology, KMCT Dental College, Calicut, Kerala University of Health Sciences, India
*Corresponding author: Vinit B Patel, Department of Public Health Dentistry, Faculty of dental science, Dharmsinh Desai University, Nadiad, Gujarat, India.
Citation: Patel VB, Vanasi M, Dhimole A, Saini RJ, Sithara K. Harnessing Crispr-cas9 Technology in Dentistry: a Promising Avenue for Precision Oral Health-a Literature Review. J Oral Med and Dent Res. 5(1):1-3.
Received: May 02, 2024 | Published: May 06, 2024.
Copyright© 2024 genesis pub by Patel VB. CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 DEED. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Non Commercial-No Derivatives 4.0International License. This allows others distribute, remix, tweak, and build upon the work, even commercially, as long as they credit the authors for the original creation.
Abstract
CRISPR-Cas9 technology has revolutionized genome editing and holds immense potential for applications in dentistry. This manuscript provides a comprehensive overview of the current state of CRISPR-Cas9 in dentistry, covering its applications in genetic therapies, targeting oral pathogens, tissue engineering, and regeneration.
Keywords
CRISPR-Cas9 technology; Genetic Therapies; Tissue Engineering and Regeneration; Targeting Oral Pathogens
Introduction
CRISPR-Cas9 technology has emerged as a powerful tool for precise genome editing, with significant implications for dentistry [1]. In this manuscript, we explore the diverse applications of CRISPR-Cas9 in oral health, addressing genetic disorders, targeting oral pathogens, and promoting tissue regeneration.
Crispr-Cas9 Applications in Dentistry
Genetic therapies
Genetic mutations associated with dental disorders, such as amelogenesis imperfecta and dentinogenesis imperfecta, can be corrected using CRISPR-Cas9 [2, 3]. Additionally, targeted modification of genes involved in craniofacial development holds promise for the treatment of congenital anomalies [4].
Targeting Oral Pathogens
Precision targeting of cariogenic bacteria, including Streptococcus mutans, using CRISPR-Cas9 can aid in caries prevention [5]. Modulation of virulence factors in periodontal pathogens presents opportunities for managing periodontitis [6].
Tissue Engineering and Regeneration
CRISPR-mediated enhancement of dental stem cells can facilitate tissue regeneration in dental pulp and periodontal tissues [7,8]. Furthermore, CRISPR technology can be utilized to engineer bone and periodontal tissue for enhanced regeneration [9].
Challenges and Consideration
Off-target effects and specificity
Strategies for minimizing off-target effects and improving Cas9 specificity are essential for safe and effective CRISPR-Cas9 applications in dentistry [10,11]. Advances in bioinformatics tools contribute to the prediction and mitigation of off-target edits [12].
Delivery System
Nanoparticle-based delivery systems offer efficient CRISPR-Cas9 delivery to oral tissues, overcoming barriers in the oral cavity [13]. Challenges remain in optimizing delivery systems for targeted gene editing in dental applications [14].
Ethical and Regulatory Considerations
Ethical implications of germline editing and genetic modifications in dentistry require careful consideration [15]. Regulatory frameworks governing the clinical translation of CRISPR-Cas9 in dental practice are essential to ensure safety and ethical standards [16].
Future Perspective
Integration of CRISPR-Cas9 with emerging technologies, such as gene therapy and tissue engineering, holds promise for personalized approaches to oral healthcare [17]. Expansion of clinical trials and translational research will drive the development of CRISPR-Cas9-based therapies in dentistry [18].
Conclusion
CRISPR-Cas9 technology offers unprecedented opportunities for precision oral healthcare, from correcting genetic disorders to combating oral pathogens and promoting tissue regeneration. Addressing challenges and navigating ethical considerations are essential steps towards realizing the full potential of CRISPR-Cas9 in dentistry.
References
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